Level: intermediate
Two-part verbs
Some verbs are two-part verbs. They consist of a verb and a particle:
grow + up
The children are growing up.
Often this gives the verb a new meaning:
take + after
She takes after her mother.
(= She looks like her mother or she behaves like her mother.)count + on
I know I can count on you.
(= I know I can trust you or I know I can believe you.)
Some two-part verbs have only one pattern:
| Subject | Verb | Particle | Object |
|---|---|---|---|
| The children | are growing | up. | – |
| She | takes | after | her mother. |
| I | can count | on | you. |
- Two-part verbs 1
- Two-part verbs 2
But other two-part verbs have two different patterns. The usual pattern is:
| Noun (subject) | Verb | Noun (object) | Particle |
|---|---|---|---|
| She | gave | the money | back. |
| He | knocked | the glass | over. |
| We | will be leaving | our friends | behind. |
but sometimes these verbs have the pattern:
| Noun (subject) | Verb | Particle | Noun (object) |
|---|---|---|---|
| She | gave | back | the money. |
| He | knocked | over | the glass. |
| We | will be leaving | behind | our friends. |
When the object is a personal pronoun, phrasal verbs always have the first pattern:
She gave it back. (NOT
She gave back it.)He knocked it over. (NOT
He knocked over it.)We will be leaving them behind. (NOT
We will be leaving behind them.)
- Two-part verbs 3
- Two-part verbs 4
Common verbs with their most frequent particles are:
| bring | about, along, back, forward, in, off, out, round, up |
| buy | out, up |
| call | off, up |
| carry | off, out |
| cut | back, down, off, out, up |
| give | away, back, off |
| hand | back, down, in, on, out, over, round |
| knock | down, out, over |
| leave | behind, out |
| let | down, in, off, out |
| pass | down, over, round |
| point | out |
| push | about, around, over |
| put | across, away, down, forward, off, on, out, through, together, up |
| read | out |
| set | apart, aside, back, down |
| shut | away, in, off, out |
| take | apart, away, back, down, in, on, up, over |
| think | over, through, up |
Three-part verbs
Some verbs are made up of three parts: a verb and two particles. They have the pattern:
| Noun (subject) | Verb | Particle | Particle | Noun (object) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| His girlfriend | walked | out | on | him. |
| She | caught | up | with | the other runners. |
| Children | should look | up | to | their parents. |
Common three-part verbs are:
| catch up with | get on with | look up to | stick up for |
| face up to | look forward to | put up with | walk out on |
| get away with | look down on | run away with | watch out for |
A few verbs have the pattern:
| Noun (subject) | Verb | Noun (object of verb) | Particle | Particle | Noun (object of particle) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| We | talked | them | out | of | leaving. |
| She | put | his mistakes | down | to | inexperience. |
Verbs like this are:
| do out of | put down to | take out on |
| let it on | put up to | talk out of |
- Three-part verbs 1
- Three-part verbs 2
Hi there,
Aren't 'phrasal verbs' and 'multi-word verbs' basically the same?
In your other article 'https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/c1-grammar/word-order-phrasal-verbs' I find the same definition to phrasal verbs as to multi-word verbs:
2. phrasal verbs: 'Phrasal verbs are made of a verb plus one or two particles.'
Thanks!
Hello alshada10,
Many teachers and textbooks use the term 'phrasal verbs', but some prefer to speak of 'multi-word verbs'. But they essentially refer to the same thing.
Best wishes,
Kirk
LearnEnglish team
Good morning,
Could you tell me what the definition of "let it on" is?
It don't find it on the Cambridge dictionary.
Thank you in advance.
Virginie
Hello Vi_Vi,
Could you please explain the context? I suppose it could mean 'reveal it', but it's hard to say for sure without knowing more about the situation.
Best wishes,
Kirk
LearnEnglish team
Hi teacher,
What’s the difference between Prepositions and particles? In three-part verbs like ‘look forward to’ , can we say the third part is a preposition because it can be followed by a noun phrase, a pronoun or the -ing form of a verb.
Thanks!
Khoshal
Hello Khoshal,
As far as I know, yes, the second particle in a three-part verb is a preposition.
There may be some exception to this, however, so I'm not willing to say that this is always the case. You might want to consider posting this question in the English Language & Usage Stack Exchange to see what others have to say on the matter.
I hope this helps.
All the best,
Kirk
LearnEnglish team
I'd like to know the difference, and/or different meanings, of "call round" and "call around".
Hello Andrea NR,
In the context of telephoning, the meaning is the same - to telephone a number of people when you want to organise something or to gather information. I think 'round' is more common in British English and 'around' in US English.
In British English, 'call round' can also mean 'visit' in the sense of a quick visit to a friend's house: I called round this afternoon but you weren't in.
Outside of the phrasal verb, round and around have slightly different uses. You can read about that here:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/around-or-round
Peter
The LearnEnglish Team
Hello, Peter,
Thank you for your answer. So, in a sentence like "I might just call around their house" we don't know if the speaker might phone to a landline or pay a home visit. Unless, of course, we have more context.
Hello again,
There is one difference. When telephoning, call around means phoning several or many places, such as when you are trying compare the prices of something in difference shops or to find a restaurant where you can make a reservation. When visiting, call around simply means to visit and normally refers to a single place.
Peter
The LearnEnglish Team
This clears all my doubts!
Thank you very much for your time!